陰道炎為何一再復發?天天想找醫師每次都癢的想撞牆!
文/新光醫院婦產科主治醫師 蔡鴻文醫師
女性自然的生理變化會使陰道內酸鹼值變更。平常的日子呈現弱酸性,當懷孕期、經期、熬夜、藥物都會使陰道酸鹼值升高。此外因為男性的精液為中鹼性,所以在性行為後也會使陰道酸鹼值增高。由於陰道內的致病菌多為嗜鹼性,所以當陰道酸鹼值增高時,即為感染的高危險期,女性在月經過後、壓力、焦慮、失眠,時常會覺得女陰奇癢無比,陰道有乳酪狀排出物,甚至小便有灼熱感,與先生同房也「痛而不快」,沒錯,妳已經染上念珠菌了!
念珠菌感染主要會發生在黏膜及皮膚上,最典型的念珠菌感染就是女性的念珠菌性陰道炎,根據美國的醫學統計數據顯示,二十歲以上的女性,有70%的比例,每年至少會有一次以上的急性念珠菌陰道炎的發生率,這並不是因為衛生習慣不佳所引發的,有的反而是因為過度注重衛生,經常使用陰道沖洗劑或清潔劑清洗陰部,使得原本偏酸性的陰道環境中性化後,變得不利乳酸桿菌的生長,於是念珠菌就會過度滋長,因而引發陰道炎,念珠菌陰道炎很容易因為治療的不徹底或體質性因素而經常復發,患者會有白色乳酪狀的白帶分泌物,有些女性會認為是體質偏寒而尋求中醫補藥治療,結果可能怎麼治都治不好,而且患處會有奇癢的症狀,造成很多女性生活上很大的困擾,補充嗜酸性乳酸桿菌是最自然最有效預防念珠菌過度滋生的方法。
念珠菌的特色是:常常復發!奇癢無比!當然,找婦產科醫師開個抗念珠菌藥物﹙塗的、口服、栓劑都可以﹚治療就可,但討厭就討厭在它常常反覆出現。有時妳剛找醫師治好,下一次月經來又一次,討厭又擾人,您不禁自問:有沒有「一勞永逸」的方法?
美國康乃爾醫學中心的伊沙多爾‧羅福生博士在『Doctor, what should I eat?』一書中提到一份具有科學根據的秘訣,使妳不再「天天找醫師,每次癢的想撞牆!」羅福生醫師建議:乳酸菌是存活於我們腸道中的有益菌,當壞菌侵入人體時,他會肩負起保護身體之責,抑制腸內壞菌的繁殖,提高免疫力,使人體免受病菌的感染。
此外,它還具有重整腸道消化功能、降低膽固醇、預防及減輕婦女陰道感染等功效。乳酸菌的來源有很多,一般的優格、優酪乳及含有相當數量的乳酸菌,但一般優格或優酪乳中含有大量的糖分,對於怕胖、對乳糖不適、糖尿病及痛風患者,建議可以服用膠囊狀的乳酸菌製品。
乳酸菌維持陰道PH值偏酸性
自然狀態下,陰道有葡萄球菌、大腸桿菌、杜德林氏桿菌、乳酸桿菌,其中乳酸桿菌使陰道保持在PH值4.5或更低,使陰道免於感染的大功臣,但如果經血來潮,懷孕的荷爾蒙變化、吃太多甜食、糖尿病、失眠,都會使陰道PH值偏鹼,而有利念珠菌之生長,此時妳就會很癢!
乳酸桿菌會代謝出乳酸讓陰道酸鹼值得以維持在4.5~5.0的弱酸環境。這種弱酸性環境不適合大部份的致病菌生長,所以維持好乳酸桿菌在陰道的平衡狀態對防止陰道感染有極直接的效果。
發表於美國婦產科期刊American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology的文獻早已證實活性乳酸菌對於非特定陰道炎(Nonspecific)、念珠菌陰道炎(Monilia)、滴虫性陰道炎(Trichomonas)都具有極佳的治癒率(Cure rate:87~100%)及極低的復發率(Recurrence rate)。
生活習慣的改善方面,在陰道炎治療期間,如能同時配合以下六點,可以更有效加速復原的速度:
1. 飲 食:避免海鮮、甜食、醃漬、油炸食物、花生、發酵食物、
多吃蔬果纖維食物。
2. 藥 物:避免類固醇、避孕藥。
3. 衣 著:選用純綿質寬鬆內衣,避免化纖尼龍緊身內衣。
4. 性行為:最好暫停或使用保險套以減少復發機會及交叉感染。
5. 如 廁:糞便有念珠菌,故大便後擦拭手紙應由前往後
(如果後往前,會把念珠菌帶到陰道﹚。
6. 平 常:正常作息,勿熬夜。
本文由【KingNet國家網路醫院】提供

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